Papers (Beta Version: 9.11.2.0)

Acknowledging ICON

When acknowledging support from ICON in a publication, please include the following statement:
ICON is supported by NASA’s Explorers Program through contracts NNG12FA45C and NNG12FA42I. ICON data are processed in the ICON Science Data Center at UCB and available at https://icon.ssl.berkeley.edu/Data.

Published Papers

COLLECTIONS

Space Science Reviews: The Ionospheric Connection Explorer (ICON) Mission: First Results

Englert, C.R., Harlander, J.M., Marr, K.D., Harding, B.J., Makela, J.J., Fae, T., Brown, C.M., Ratnam, M.V., Rao, S.V.B. and Immel, T.J., 2023. Michelson Interferometer for Global High-Resolution Thermospheric Imaging (MIGHTI) On-Orbit Wind Observations: Data Analysis and Instrument Performance. Space Science Reviews, 219(3), p.27. DOI: 10.1007/s11214-023-00971-1 (publicly accessible)

Frey, H.U., Mende, S.B., Meier, R.R., Kamaci, U., Urco, J.M., Kamalabadi, F., England, S.L. and Immel, T.J., 2023. In flight performance of the Far Ultraviolet instrument (FUV) on ICON. Space Science Reviews, 219(3), p.23. Public access. DOI: 10.1007/s11214-023-00969-9

Gasperini, F., Crowley, G., Immel, T.J. and Harding, B.J., 2022. Vertical Wave Coupling in the Low-Latitude Ionosphere-Thermosphere as Revealed by Concurrent ICON and COSMIC-2 Observations. Space Science Reviews, 218(7), pp.1-20. Public access. DOI: 10.1007/s11214-022-00923-1

Heelis, R.A., Depew, M.D., Chen, Y.J. and Perdue, M.D., 2022. Ionospheric Connections (ICON) Ion Velocity Meter (IVM) Observations of the Equatorial Ionosphere at Solar Minimum. Space Science Reviews, 218(8), pp.1-16. Public access. DOI: 10.1007/s11214-022-00936-w

Immel, T.J., England, S.L., Harding, B.J. et al. 2023. The Ionospheric Connection Explorer - Prime Mission Review. Space Sci Rev 219, 41 (2023). DOI: 10.1007/s11214-023-00975-x (publicly accessible)

Korpela, E.J., Sirk, M.M., Edelstein, J., McPhate, J.B., Tuminello, R.M., Stephan, A.W., England, S.L. and Immel, T.J., 2023. In-flight performance of the ICON EUV spectrograph. Space Science Reviews, 219(3), p.24. DOI: 10.1007/s11214-023-00963-1 (publicly accessible)

Mende, S.B., Frey, H.U., England, S.L., Immel, T.J., and Eastes, R.W., 2022. Time Delay Integration Imaging of the Nighttime Ionosphere from the ICON Observatory. Space Sci Rev 218, 61. DOI: 10.1007/s11214-022-00928-w (publicly accessible)

Stephan, A.W., Sirk, M.M., Korpela, E.J., England, S.L. and Immel, T.J., 2022. Characterization of the daytime ionosphere with ICON EUV airglow limb profiles. Space Science Reviews, 218(8), pp.1-17. Public access. DOI: 10.1007/s11214-022-00933-z

Stevens, M.H., Englert, C.R., Harlander, J.M., Marr, K.D., Harding, B.J., Triplett, C.C., Mlynczak, M.G., Yuan, T., Evans, J.S., Mende, S.B. and Immel, T.J., 2022. Temperatures in the Upper Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere from O2 Atmospheric Band Emission Observed by ICON/MIGHTI. Space Science Reviews, 218(8), pp.1-32. Public access. DOI: 10.1007/s11214-022-00935-x

Triplett, C.C., Harding, B.J., Wu, Y.J.J., England, S., Englert, C.R., Makela, J.J., Stevens, M.H. and Immel, T., 2023. Large-Scale Gravity Waves in Daytime ICON-MIGHTI Data from 2020. Space Science Reviews, 219(1), pp.1-11. Public access. DOI: 10.1007/s11214-022-00944-w

Wautelet G., Hubert B., Gérard J.-C., Immel T.J., Sirk M.M., Korpela E.J., Stephan A.W., Mende S.B., England S.L. and Erickson P.J. 2022. Comparison of ICON-EUV F-peak characteristic parameters with external data sources, Space Science Reviews, 218:62, Public access. DOI: 10.1007/s11214-022-00930-2

Wautelet, G., Hubert, B., Gérard, J.C., Immel, T.J., Frey, H.U., Kamalabadi, F., Kamaci, U. and England, S.L., 2023. Update of ICON-FUV hmF2 and NmF2 comparison with external radio observations. Space Science Reviews, 219(3), p.21. Public access. DOI: 10.1007/s11214-023-00970-2

Wu, Y.J.J., Mende, S., Harding, B.J., Alken, P., Maute, A. and Immel, T.J., 2023. Cross-Validation of the Ionospheric Vertical Drift Measurements Based on ICON/IVM, Swarm, and the Ground-Based Radar at the Jicamarca Radio Observatory. Space Science Reviews, 219(6), p.47. DOI: 10.1007/s11214-023-00993-9 (publicly accessible)

Space Science Reviews: The Ionospheric Connection Explorer (ICON) mission

Bust, G.S. and Immel, T.J., 2020. IDA4D: Ionospheric Data Assimilation for the ICON Mission. Space Science Reviews, 216(3), pp.1-17. DOI: 10.1007/s11214-020-00648-z (publicly accessible)

Englert, C.R., Harlander, J.M., Brown, C.M., Marr, K.D., Miller, I.J., Stump, J.E., Hancock, J., Peterson, J.Q., Kumler, J., Morrow, W.H., Mooney, T.A., Ellis, S., Mende, S.B., Harris, S.E., Stevens, M.H., Makela, J.J., Harding, B.J., and Immel, T.J., 2017. Michelson Interferometer for Global High-resolution Thermospheric Imaging (MIGHTI): instrument design and calibration. Space Science Reviews, 212(1-2), pp.553-584. Public access. DOI: 10.1007/s11214-017-0358-4

Forbes, J.M., Zhang, X., Hagan, M.E., England, S.L., Liu, G. and Gasperini, F., 2017. On the Specification of Upward-Propagating Tides for ICON Science Investigations. Space Science Reviews, 212(1-2), pp.697-713. Public access. DOI: 10.1007/s11214-017-0401-5

Harding, B.J., Makela, J.J., Englert, C.R., Marr, K.D., Harlander, J.M., England, S.L. and Immel, T.J., 2017. The MIGHTI Wind Retrieval Algorithm: Description and Verification. Space Science Reviews, 212(1-2), pp.585–600. Public access. DOI: 10.1007/s11214-017-0359-3

Harlander, J.M., Englert, C.R., Brown, C.M., Marr, K.D., Miller, I.J., Zastera, V., Bach, B.W. and Mende, S.B., 2017. Michelson interferometer for global high-resolution thermospheric imaging (MIGHTI): monolithic interferometer design and test. Space Science Reviews, 212(1-2), pp.601–613. Public access. DOI: 10.1007/s11214-017-0374-4

Heelis, R.A., Stoneback, R.A., Perdue, M.D., Depew, M.D., Morgan, W.A., Mankey, M.W., Lippincott, C.R., Harmon, L.L., and Holt, B.J., 2017. Ion Velocity Measurements for the Ionospheric Connections Explorer. Space Science Reviews, 212(1-2), pp.615-629. Public access. DOI: 10.1007/s11214-017-0383-3

Huba, J.D., Maute, A. and Crowley, G., 2017. SAMI3_ICON: Model of the Ionosphere/Plasmasphere System. Space Science Reviews, 212(1-2), pp.731-742. Public access. DOI: 10.1007/s11214-017-0415-z

Immel, T.J., England, S.L., Mende, S.B., Heelis, R.A., Englert, C.R., Edelstein, J., Frey, H.U., Taylor, E.R., Craig, W.W., Harris, S.E., Bester, M., Bust, G.S., Crowley, G., Forbes, J.M., Gérard, J.-C., Harlander, J.M., Huba, J.D., Hubert, B., Kamalabadi, F., Makela, J.J., Maute, A.I., Meier, R.R., Raftery, C., Rochus, P., Siegmund, O.H.W., Stephan, A.W., Swenson, G.R., Frey, S., Hysell, D.L., Saito, A., Rider, K.A., and Sirk, M.M., 2018. The Ionospheric Connection Explorer mission: mission goals and design. Space Science Reviews, 214:13 (36pp.). Public access. DOI: 10.1007/s11214-017-0449-2

Kamalabadi, F., Qin, J., Harding, B.J., Iliou, D., Makela, J.J., Meier, R.R., England, S.L., Frey, H.U., Mende, S.B. and Immel, T.J., 2018. Inferring nighttime ionospheric parameters with the Far Ultraviolet Imager onboard the Ionospheric Connection Explorer. Space Science Reviews, 214:70 (14pp.). Public access. DOI: 10.1007/s11214-018-0502-9

Maute, A., 2017. Thermosphere-Ionosphere-Electrodynamics General Circulation Model for the Ionospheric Connection Explorer: TIEGCM-ICON. Space Science Reviews, 212(1-2), pp.523-551. Public access. DOI: 10.1007/s11214-017-0330-3

Mende, S.B., Frey, H.U., Rider, K., Chou, C., Harris, S.E., Siegmund, O.H.W., England, S.L., Wilkins, C., Craig, W., Immel, T.J. and Turin, P., 2017. The far ultra-violet Imager on the ICON mission. Space Science Reviews, 212(1-2), pp.655-696. Public access. DOI: 10.1007/s11214-017-0386-0

Sirk, M. M., Korpela, E. J., Ishikawa, Y., Edelstein, J., Wishnow, E. H., Smith, C., McCauley J., McPhate J.B., Curtis J., and Gibson, S. R., 2017. Design and performance of the ICON EUV spectrograph. Space Science Reviews, 212(1-2), pp.631-643. Public access. DOI: 10.1007/s11214-017-0384-2

Stephan, A.W., Meier, R.R., England, S.L., Mende, S.B., Frey, H.U. and Immel, T.J., 2018. Daytime O/N2 Retrieval Algorithm for the Ionospheric Connection Explorer (ICON). Space Science Reviews, 214:42 (17pp.). Public access. DOI: 10.1007/s11214-018-0477-6

Stephan, A.W., Korpela, E.J., Sirk, M.M., England, S.L. and Immel, T.J., 2017. Daytime Ionosphere Retrieval Algorithm for the Ionospheric Connection Explorer (ICON). Space Science Reviews, 212(1-2), pp.645-654. Public access. DOI: 10.1007/s11214-017-0385-1

Stevens, M.H., Englert, C.R., Harlander, J.M., England, S.L., Marr, K.D., Brown, C.M., and Immel, T.J., 2018. Retrieval of Lower Thermospheric Temperatures from O2 A Band Emission: The MIGHTI Experiment on ICON. Space Science Reviews, 214:4 (9pp.). Public access. DOI: 10.1007/s11214-017-0434-9

Wilkins, C.W., Mende, S.B., Frey, H.U. and England, S.L., 2017. Time-Delay Integration Imaging with ICON’s Far-Ultraviolet Imager. Space Science Reviews, 212(1-2), pp.715-730. Public access. DOI: 10.1007/s11214-017-0410-4

COMPLETE LIST OF REFEREED PUBLICATIONS (by year/author)

2025

Forbes, J.M., Zhang, X., Cullens, C. and Maute, A., 2025. Solar semidiurnal variations in the thermosphere and ionosphere forced from above and from below. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 130(1), p.e2024JA033353. DOI: 10.1029/2024JA033353 (publicly accessible)

Gasperini, F., Maute, A., Wang, H., McClung, O., Aggarwal, D. and Kumari, K., 2025. Tidally driven intra‐seasonal oscillations in the thermosphere from TIEGCM‐ICON and connections to the Madden‐Julian Oscillation. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 130(1), p.e2024JA033178. Preprint for public access. DOI: 10.1029/2024JA033178

Harding, B.J., Serrano, M.C., Gasque, L.C., Joanne Wu, Y.J., Maute, A. and Immel, T.J., 2025. Wind‐driven variability in the prereversal enhancement of the equatorial vertical plasma drift: Climatologies observed by ICON. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 130(1), p.e2024JA033279. DOI: 10.1029/2024JA033279 (publicly accessible)

Wu, Q., Lin, D., Wang, W., Pham, K., Qian, L., Wu, H., Immel, T.J. and Yigit, E., 2025. Penetrating electric field with/without disturbed electric fields during the 7–8 July 2022 geomagnetic storm simulated by MAGE and observed by ICON MIGHTI. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 130(4), p.e2024JA033240. Public access. DOI: 10.1029/2024JA033240

2024

Dhadly, M., Jones Jr, M., Emmert, J., Drob, D., Budzien, S., Zawdie, K. and McCormack, J., 2024. Short‐term to inter‐annual variability of the non‐migrating tide DE3 from MIGHTI, SABER, and TIDI: Potential tropospheric sources and ionospheric impacts. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 129(8), p.e2024JA032849. DOI: 10.1029/2024JA032849 (publicly accessible)

Feggeler, M. and England, S.L., 2024. Ionospheric observations from formation flying spacecraft. Advances in Space Research. DOI: 10.1016/j.asr.2024.03.054 (publicly accessible)

Forbes, J.M., Zhang, X., Englert, C.R., Heelis, R., Stevens, M.H., Harding, B.J., Harlander, J.M., Marr, K.D., Makela, J.J. and Immel, T.J., 2024. Thermosphere UFKW structures and ionosphere coupling as observed by ICON. Geophysical Research Letters, 51(8), p.e2023GL105975. DOI: 10.1029/2023GL105975 (publicly accessible)

Forbes, J.M., Zhang, X., Maute, A. and Cullens, C., 2024. Responses of the mean thermosphere circulation, O/N2 ratio and Ne to solar and magnetospheric forcing from above and tidal forcing from below. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 129(3), p.e2024JA032449. Public access. DOI: 10.1029/2024JA032449

Gan, Q., Eastes, R.W., Wu, Y.J., Qian, L., Cai, X., Wang, W., England, S.L. and McClintock, W.E., 2024. Thermospheric responses to the 3 and 4 November 2021 geomagnetic storm during the main and recovery phases as observed by NASA's GOLD and ICON missions. Geophysical Research Letters, 51(1), p.e2023GL106529. DOI: 10.1029/2023GL106529 (publicly accessible)

Gasque, L.C., Harding, B.J., Immel, T.J., Wu, Y.J., Triplett, C.C., Vadas, S.L., Becker, E. and Maute, A., 2024. Evening solar terminator waves in Earth's thermosphere: Neutral wind signatures observed by ICON‐MIGHTI. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 129(2), p.e2023JA032274. DOI: 10.1029/2023JA032274 (publicly accessible)

González, G., Wu, Y.J., Gasque, L.C., Triplett, C.C., Harding, B.J. and Immel, T.J. 2024. Effects of storm-time winds on ionospheric pre-midnight equatorial plasma bubbles over South America as observed by ICON and GOLD. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 129, e2024JA033111. DOI: 10.1029/2024JA033111 (publicly accessible)

Harding, B.J., Immel, T.J., Mende, S.B., Wu, Y.J.J., Maute, A., England, S.L., Heelis, R.A., Forbes, J.M., Englert, C.R., Marr, K.D. and Harlander, J.M., 2024. Day‐to‐day variability of the neutral wind dynamo observed by ICON: First results from conjugate observations. Geophysical Research Letters, 51(5), p.e2023GL107110. DOI: 10.1029/2023GL107110 (publicly accessible)

Huba, J.D., 2024. Impact of meridional winds on the development of equatorial plasma bubbles: a review. Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences, 11, p.1472642. DOI: 10.3389/fspas.2024.1472642 (publicly accessible)

Hysell, D.L., Kirchman, A., Harding, B.J., Heelis, R.A., England, S.L., Frey, H.U. and Mende, S.B., 2024. Using ICON satellite data to forecast equatorial ionospheric instability throughout 2022. Space Weather, 22(3), p.e2023SW003817. DOI: 10.1029/2023SW003817 (publicly accessible)

Krier, C.S. and England, S.L., 2024. Semidiurnal non‐migrating tides in the middle thermosphere from far ultraviolet observations. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 129(4), p.e2023JA032102. DOI: 10.1029/2023JA032102 (publicly accessible)

Li, M., Deng, Y., Harding, B. J., & England, S. 2024. Climatology of dayside E-region zonal neutral wind shears from ICON-mighti observations. Space Weather, 22, e2023SW003670. DOI: 10.1029/2023SW003670 (publicly accessible)

Liu, H., Qin, J., Kamaci, U. and Kamalabadi, F., 2024. A Bayesian Framework for Accurate Determination of the Nighttime Ionospheric Parameters from the ICON FUV Observations. Space Science Reviews, 220(7), p.71. Public access. DOI: 10.1007/s11214-024-01106-w

Lu, X., Wu, H., Heale, C., England, S. and Zhang, S., 2024. Impacts of thunderstorm‐generated gravity waves on the ionosphere‐thermosphere using TIEGCM‐NG/MAGIC simulations and comparisons with GNSS TEC, ICON, and COSMIC‐2 observations. Journal of Geophysical Research. Space Physics, 129(12), p.e2024JA032854. DOI: 10.1029/2024JA032854 (publicly accessible)

Sreelakshmi, J., Maute, A., Richmond, A.D., Vichare, G., Harding, B.J. and Alken, P., 2024. Effect of vertical shear in the zonal wind on equatorial electrojet sidebands: An observational perspective using Swarm and ICON data. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 129(10), p.e2024JA032678. Public access. DOI: 10.1029/2024JA032678

Tuminello, R.M., Stephan, A.W. and England, S.L., 2024. Retrieval of thermospheric O and N2 densities from ICON EUV. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 129(2), p.e2023JA032100. DOI: 10.1029/2023JA032100 (publicly accessible)

Yamazaki, Y., Stolle, C., Xiong, C., Alken, P., Yang, Y., Zhima, Z., Harding, B. and Yan, R., Day-to-day and longitudinal variability of the equatorial electrojet as viewed from the Sun-synchronous CSES satellite. Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences, 11, p.1460312. DOI: 10.3389/fspas.2024.1460312 (publicly accessible)

Yiğit, E., Gann, A.L., Medvedev, A.S., Gasperini, F., Wu, Q. and Sakib, M.N., 2024. Observation of vertical coupling during a major sudden stratospheric warming by ICON and GOLD: a case study of the 2020/2021 warming event. Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences, 11, p.1384196. DOI: 10.3389/fspas.2024.1384196 (publicly accessible)

2023

Englert, C.R., Harlander, J.M., Harding, B.J. and Marr, K.D., 2023, July. Low-Signal Phase Shift: Characterizing an Unexpected Detector Deterioration of the ICON/MIGHTI Instrument. In Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (pp. FTu5B-4). Optica Publishing Group. DOI: 10.1364/FTS.2023.FTu5B.4. PDF for public access.

Forbes, J.M., Zhang, X. and Palo, S.E., 2023. UFKW propagation in the dissipative thermosphere. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 128(1), p.e2022JA030921. Author's manuscript for public access. DOI: 10.1029/2022JA030921

Gan, Q., Qian, L., Pedatella, N.M., Wu, Y.J., Correira, J., Wang, W., McClintock, W.E. and Eastes, R.W., 2023. GOLD synoptic observations of thermospheric annual and semiannual variations in composition during solar minimum years. Geophysical Research Letters, 50(4), p.e2022GL101215. DOI: 10.1029/2022GL101215 (publicly accessible)

Gasperini, F., Harding, B.J., Crowley, G. and Immel, T.J., 2023. Ionosphere-Thermosphere Coupling via Global-Scale Waves: New Insights from Two-Years of Concurrent In-Situ and Remotely-Sensed Satellite Observations. Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences, 10. DOI: 10.3389/fspas.2023.1217737 (publicly accessible)

Gasperini, F., Jones Jr, M., Harding, B.J. and Immel, T.J., 2023. Direct observational evidence of altered mesosphere lower thermosphere mean circulation from a major sudden stratospheric warming. Geophysical Research Letters, 50(7), p.e2022GL102579. DOI: 10.1029/2022GL102579 (publicly accessible)

Goel, D., Wu, Y.J.J., Harding, B.J., Triplett, C.C., Immel, T.J., Cullens, C. and England, S., 2023. On the Variation of Column Density Ratio ΣO/N2 in the Upper Atmosphere Using Principal Component Analysis in 2‐Dimensional Images. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 128(6), p.e2022JA031037. DOI: 10.1029/2022JA031037 (publicly accessible)

Harlander, J.M., 2023. Algebraic ray trace analysis of spatial heterodyne spectrometers. Applied Optics, 62(16), pp.4288-4300. Author's Manuscript for public access. DOI: 10.1364/AO.486840

Huba, J.D., 2023. Resolution of the Equatorial Spread F Problem: Revisited. Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences, p.415. DOI: 10.3389/fspas.2022.1098083 (publicly accessible)

Huba, J.D. and Liu, H.L., 2023. Modeling the Development of Plasmasphere Ducts and Irregularities With SAMI3/WACCM‐X. Geophysical Research Letters, 50(20), p.e2023GL105470. DOI: 10.1029/2023GL105470 (publicly accessible)

Hysell, D.L., Kirchman, A., Harding, B.J., Heelis, R.A. and England, S.L., 2023. Forecasting equatorial ionospheric convective instability with ICON satellite measurements. Space Weather, 21(5), p.e2023SW003427. DOI: 10.1029/2023SW003427 (publicly accessible)

Jones Jr, M., Goncharenko, L.P., McDonald, S.E., Zawdie, K.A., Tate, J., Gasperini, F., Pedatella, N.M., Drob, D.P. and McCormack, J.P., 2023. Understanding Nighttime Ionospheric Depletions Associated With Sudden Stratospheric Warmings in the American Sector. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 128(6), p.e2022JA031236. Public access. DOI: 10.1029/2022JA031236

Krier, C.S., England, S.L., Meier, R.R. and Frey, H.U., 2023. Reducing the Ionospheric Contamination Effects on the Column O/N2 Ratio and Its Application to the Identification of Non‐Migrating Tides. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 128(4), p.e2022JA031148. DOI: 10.1029/2022JA031148 (publicly accessible)

Maute, A., Forbes, J.M., Cullens, C.Y. and Immel, T.J., 2023. Delineating the effect of upward propagating migrating solar tides with the TIEGCM-ICON. Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences, 10, p.1147571. DOI: 10.3389/fspas.2023.1147571 (publicly accessible)

McGinness, E.C., Immel, T.J., Harding, B.J., Wu, Y.J. and Triplett, C.C., 2023. The Effects of a Small Geomagnetic Storm on Earth’s Thermosphere and Ionosphere: ICON Observations of the 25 Jan. 2021 Disturbance. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 128, p.e2022JA031207. DOI: 10.1029/2022JA031207 (publicly accessible)

Meier, R.R., Soto, E., Evans, J.S., Stephan, A.W. and Tashiro, M., 2023. New O partial photoionization cross sections resolve ionospheric EUV remote sensing issues. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 128(10), p.e2023JA031533. DOI: 10.1029/2023JA031533 (publicly accessible)

Navarro, L.A., Makela, J.J., Forbes, J.M., Harding, B.J., Englert, C.R., Harlander, J.M., Marr, K.D., Kerr, R., Noto, J., Wu, Q. and Benkhaldoun, Z., 2023. Non‐migrating structures in the northern midlatitude thermosphere during December solstice using ICON/MIGHTI and FPI observations. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, p.e2023JA031468. DOI: 10.1029/2023JA031468 (publicly accessible)

Stephan, A.W., England, S.L., Sirk, M.M., Korpela, E.J., and Immel, T.J., 2023. Characterization of Longitudinal Patterns in the Daytime Ionosphere with ICON EUV Airglow. Conference Proceedings: Ionospheric Effects Symposium 2023 (IES2023), Alexandria, VA, USA. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8122157 (publicly accessible)

Vadas, S.L., Becker, E., Figueiredo, C., Bossert, K., Harding, B.J. and Gasque, L.C., 2023. Primary and Secondary Gravity Waves and Large‐Scale Wind Changes Generated by the Tonga Volcanic Eruption on 15 January 2022: Modeling and Comparison With ICON‐MIGHTI Winds. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 128(2), p.e2022JA031138. Public access. DOI: 10.1029/2022JA031138

Yamazaki, Y., Harding, B.J., Qiu, L., Stolle, C., Siddiqui, T.A., Miyoshi, Y., Englert, C.R. and England, S.L., 2023. Monthly Climatologies of Zonal‐Mean and Tidal Winds in the Thermosphere as Observed by ICON/MIGHTI During April 2020–March 2022. Earth and Space Science, 10(6), p.e2023EA002962. DOI: 10.1029/2023EA002962 (publicly accessible)

2022

Aa, E., Zhang, S.-R., Wang, W., Erickson, P. J., Qian, L., Eastes, R., et al. 2022. Pronounced suppression and X-pattern merging of equatorial ionization anomalies after the 2022 Tonga volcano eruption. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 127, e2022JA030527. DOI: 10.1029/2022JA030527 (publicly accessible)

Barad, R.K., Sripathi, S. and England, S.L., 2022. Multi‐instrument observations of the ionospheric response to the 26 December 2019 solar eclipse over Indian and Southeast Asian longitudes. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, p.e2022JA030330. Preprint for public access. DOI: 10.1029/2022JA030330

Cullens, C. Y., England, S. L., Immel, T. J., Maute, A., Harding, B. J., Triplett, C. C., et al. 2022. Seasonal variations of medium-scale waves observed by ICON-MIGHTI. Geophysical Research Letters, 49, e2022GL099383. Author's manuscript for public access. DOI: 10.1029/2022GL099383

England, S.L., Englert, C.R., Harding, B.J., Triplett, C.C., Marr, K., Harlander, J.M., Swenson, G.R., Maute, A. and Immel, T.J., 2022. Vertical shears of horizontal winds in the lower thermosphere observed by ICON. Geophysical Research Letters, p.e2022GL098337. DOI: 10.1029/2022GL098337 (publicly accessible)

Forbes, J.M., Oberheide, J., Zhang, X., Cullens, C., Englert, C.R., Harding, B.J., Harlander, J.M., Marr, K.D., Makela, J.J. and Immel, T.J., 2022. Vertical coupling by solar semidiurnal tides in the thermosphere from ICON/MIGHTI measurements. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, p.e2022JA030288. Preprint for public access. DOI: 10.1029/2022JA030288

Forbes, J.M. and Zhang, X., 2022. Hough Mode Extensions (HMEs) and solar tide behavior in the dissipative thermosphere. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, p.e2022JA030962. Public access. DOI: 10.1029/2022JA030962

Gasque, L.C., Wu, Y.J., Harding, B.J., Immel, T.J. and Triplett, C.C., 2022. Rapid Volcanic Modification of the E‐Region Dynamo: ICON’s First Glimpse of the Tonga Eruption. Geophysical Research Letters, p.e2022GL100825. Preprint for public access. DOI: 10.1029/2022GL100825

Harding, B.J., Wu, Y.J.J., Alken, P., Yamazaki, Y., Triplett, C.C., Immel, T.J., Gasque, L.C., Mende, S.B. and Xiong, C., 2022. Impacts of the January 2022 Tonga volcanic eruption on the ionospheric dynamo: ICON‐MIGHTI and Swarm observations of extreme neutral winds and currents. Geophysical Research Letters, 49(9), p.e2022GL098577. Public access. DOI: 10.1029/2022GL098577

Heelis, R.A., Chen, Y.J., Depew, M.D., Harding, B.J., Immel, T.J., Mende, S.B., Wu, Y.J., Huba, J.D., Englert, C.R., Stephan, A.W. and Kamaci, U., 2022. Topside Plasma Flows in the Equatorial Ionosphere and their Relationships to F‐Region Winds near 250 km. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, p.e2022JA030415. Preprint for public access. DOI: 10.1029/2022JA030415

Huba, J. D. 2022. Generalized Rayleigh-Taylor instability: Ion inertia, acceleration forces, and E region drivers. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 127, e2022JA030474. Preprint for public access. DOI: 10.1029/2022JA030474

Huba, J.D., Becker, E. and Vadas, S.L., 2022. Simulation Study of the 15 January 2022 Tonga Event: Development of Super Equatorial Plasma Bubbles. Geophysical Research Letters, p.e2022GL101185. DOI: 10.1029/2022GL101185 (publicly accessible)

Le, G., Liu, G., Yizengaw, E. and Englert, C.R., 2022. Intense Equatorial Electrojet and Counter Electrojet caused by the 15 January 2022 Tonga Volcanic Eruption: Space and Ground‐based Observations. Geophysical Research Letters, p.e2022GL099002. DOI: 10.1029/2022GL099002 (publicly accessible)

Lieberman, R.S., Harding, B.J., Heelis, R.A., Pedatella, N.M., Forbes, J.M. and Oberheide, J., 2022. Atmospheric lunar tide in the low latitude thermosphere‐ionosphere. Geophysical Research Letters, p.e2022GL098078. DOI: 10.1029/2022GL098078 (publicly accessible)

Park, J., Evans, J. S., Eastes, R. W., Lumpe, J. D., van den Ijssel, J., Englert, C. R., & Stevens, M. H. 2022. Exospheric temperature measured by NASA-GOLD under low solar activity: Comparison with other data sets. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 127, e2021JA030041. DOI: 10.1029/2021JA030041 (publicly accessible)

Park, J., Mende, S.B., Eastes, R.W. and Frey, H.U., 2022. Climatology of Equatorial Plasma Bubbles in Ionospheric Connection Explorer/Far-UltraViolet (ICON/FUV) Limb Images. Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences, 39(3), pp.87-98. DOI: 10.5140/JASS.2022.39.3.87 (publicly accessible)

Tuminello, R.M., England, S.L., Sirk, M.M., Meier, R.R., Stephan, A.W., Korpela, E.J., Immel, T.J., Mende, S.B. and Frey, H.U. 2022. Neutral Composition Information in ICON EUV Dayglow Observations. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, p.e2022JA030592. DOI: 10.1029/2022JA030592 (publicly accessible)

Yamazaki, Y., Arras, C., Andoh, S., Miyoshi, Y., Shinagawa, H., Harding, B.J., Englert, C.R., Immel, T.J., Sobhkhiz‐Miandehi, S. and Stolle, C., 2022. Examining the Wind Shear Theory of Sporadic E with ICON/MIGHTI Winds and COSMIC‐2 Radio Occultation Data. Geophysical Research Letters, p.e2021GL096202. DOI: 10.1029/2021GL096202 (publicly accessible)

Yiğit, E., Dhadly, M., Medvedev, A. S., Harding, B. J., Englert, C. R., Wu, Q., & Immel, T. J., 2022. Characterization of the Thermospheric Mean Winds and Circulation during Solstice using ICON/MIGHTI Observations. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 127, e2022JA030851. DOI: 10.1029/2022JA030851 (publicly accessible)

2021

Chu, X., Chen, Y., Cullens, C. Y., Yu, Z., Xu, Z., Zhang, S.-R., et al. 2021. Mid-latitude thermosphere-ionosphere Na (TINa) layers observed with high-sensitivity Na Doppler lidar over Boulder (40.13°N, 105.24°W). Geophysical Research Letters, 48, e2021GL093729. DOI: 10.1029/2021GL093729 (publicly accessible)

Dhadly, M. S., Englert, C. R., Drob, D. P., Emmert, J. T., Niciejewski, R., & Zawdie, K. A., 2021. Comparison of ICON/MIGHTI and TIMED/TIDI Neutral Wind Measurements in the Lower Thermosphere. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 126, e2021JA029904. Public access. DOI: 10.1029/2021JA029904

Derghazarian, S., Hysell, D. L., & Varney, R. H., 2021. Topside measurements at Jicamarca during the 2019 - 2020 deep solar minimum. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 126, e2021JA029695. Public access. DOI: 10.1029/2021JA029695

England, S. L., Meier, R. R., Frey, H. U., Mende, S. B., Stephan, A. W., Krier, C. S., et al. 2021. First results from the retrieved column O/N2 ratio from the Ionospheric Connection Explorer (ICON): Evidence of the impacts of nonmigrating tides. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 126, e2021JA029575. Public access. DOI: 10.1029/2021JA029575

Englert, C.R., Marr, K.D., Harlander, J.M. and Harding, B.J., 2021, July. Spatial Resolution of the MIGHTI Thermospheric Wind Measurements and Implications on Wind Shear Measurements. In Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (pp. FTh4G-2). Optical Society of America. Public access. DOI: 10.1364/FTS.2021.FTh4G.2.

Forbes, J.M., Heelis, R., Zhang, X., Englert, C.R., Harding, B.J., He, M., Chau, J.L., Stoneback, R., Harlander, J.M., Marr, K.D. and Makela, J.J., 2021. Q2DW‐tide and‐ionosphere interactions as observed from ICON and ground‐based radars. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, p.e2021JA029961. Public access. DOI: 10.1029/2021JA029961

Forbes, J. M., Zhang, X., Heelis, R., Stoneback, R., Englert, C. R., Harlander, J. M., et al. 2021. Atmosphere-Ionosphere (A-I) coupling as viewed by ICON: Day-to-day variability due to planetary wave (PW)-tide interactions. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 126, e2020JA028927. Public access. DOI: 10.1029/2020JA028927

Gasperini, F., Azeem, I., Crowley, G., Perdue, M., Depew, M., Immel, T.J., Stromberg, E., Fish, C., Frazier, C., Reynolds, A. and Swenson, A., 2021. Dynamical coupling between the low-latitude lower thermosphere and ionosphere via the non-migrating diurnal tide as revealed by concurrent satellite observations and numerical modeling. Publicly accessible preprint available via Earth and Space Science Open Archive ESSOAr. DOI: 10.1002/essoar.10506647.1

Harding, B.J., Chau, J.L., He, M., Englert, C.R., Harlander, J.M., Marr, K.D., Makela, J.J., Clahsen, M., Li, G., Ratnam, M.V. and Bhaskar Rao, S.V., 2021. Validation of ICON‐MIGHTI thermospheric wind observations: 2. Green‐line comparisons to specular meteor radars. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, p.e2020JA028947. Public accesss. DOI: 10.1029/2020JA028947

Harlander, J.M., Englert, C.R., Marr, K.D. and Harding, B.J., 2021, July. On-orbit Performance of the Thermospheric Wind and Temperature Instrument on the NASA ICON Mission. In Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (pp. FTh4G-1). Optical Society of America. Public access. DOI: 10.1364/FTS.2021.FTh4G.1.

He, M., Chau, J. L., Forbes, J. M., Zhang, X., Englert, C. R., Harding, B. J., et al. 2021. Quasi-2-day wave in low-latitude atmospheric winds as viewed from the ground and space during January–March, 2020. Geophysical Research Letters, 48, e2021GL093466. DOI: 10.1029/2021GL093466 (publicly accessible)

Huba, J. D., Heelis, R., & Maute, A. 2021. Large‐scale O+ depletions observed by ICON in the post‐midnight topside ionosphere: Data/model comparison. Geophysical Research Letters, 48, e2020GL092061. DOI: 10.1029/2020GL092061 (publicly accessible)

Immel, T.J., Harding, B.J., Heelis, R.A., Maute, A., Forbes, J.M., England, S.L., Mende, S.B., Englert, C.R., Stoneback, R.A., Marr, K. and Harlander, J.M., 2021. Regulation of ionospheric plasma velocities by thermospheric winds. Nature geoscience, 14 (12), pp.893-898. Public access. DOI: 10.1038/s41561-021-00848-4

Liu, G., England, S.L., Lin, C.S., Pedatella, N.M., Klenzing, J.H., Englert, C.R., Harding, B.J., Immel, T.J. and Rowland, D.E., 2021. Evaluation of Atmospheric 3‐Day Waves as a Source of Day‐to‐Day Variation of the Ionospheric Longitudinal Structure. Geophysical Research Letters, 48(15), p.e2021GL094877. Public access. DOI: 10.1029/2021GL094877

Makela, J.J., Baughman, M., Navarro, L.A., Harding, B.J., Englert, C.R., Harlander, J.M., Marr, K.D., Benkhaldoun, Z., Kaab, M. and Immel, T.J., 2021. Validation of ICON‐MIGHTI thermospheric wind observations: 1. Nighttime Red‐line Ground‐Based Fabry‐Perot Interferometers. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, p.e2020JA028726. Public access. DOI: 10.1029/2020JA028726

Maute, A., 2021. The Middle‐and Low‐Latitude Neutral Wind Dynamo. Upper Atmosphere Dynamics and Energetics, pp.79-104. DOI: 10.1002/9781119815631.ch5

Meier, R.R., 2021. The thermospheric column O/N₂ ratio. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 126, e2020JA029059. Public accesss. DOI: 10.1029/2020JA029059

Park, J., Heelis, R. and Chao, C.K., 2021. Ion velocity and temperature variation around topside nighttime irregularities: Contrast between low‐and mid‐latitude regions. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 126(2), p.e2020JA028810. Public access. DOI: 10.1029/2020JA028810

Park, J., Huba, J. D., Heelis, R., & Englert, C. 2021. Isolated peak of oxygen ion fraction in the post-noon equatorial F-region: ICON and SAMI3/WACCM-X. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 126, e2021JA029217. Public access. DOI: 10.1029/2021JA029217

Urco, J.M., Kamalabadi, F., Kamaci, U., Harding, B.J., Frey, H.U., Mende, S.B., Huba, J.D., England, S.L. and Immel, T.J., 2021. Conjugate photoelectron energy spectra derived from coincident FUV and radio measurements. Geophysical Research Letters, p.e2021GL095839. Public access. DOI: 10.1029/2021GL095839

Wautelet, G., Hubert, B., Gérard, J.C., Immel, T.J., Frey, H.U., Mende, S.B., Kamalabadi, F., Kamaci, U. and England, S.L., 2021. First ICON‐FUV nighttime NmF2 and hmF2 comparison to ground and space‐based measurements. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, p.e2021JA029360. Public access. DOI: 10.1029/2021JA029360

Wing, R., Martic, M., Triplett, C., Hauchecorne, A., Porteneuve, J., Keckhut, P., Courcoux, Y., Yung, L., Retailleau, P. and Cocuron, D., 2021. Gravity Wave Breaking Associated with Mesospheric Inversion Layers as Measured by the Ship-Borne BEM Monge Lidar and ICON-MIGHTI. Atmosphere, 12(11), p.1386. DOI: 10.3390/atmos12111386 (publicly accessible)

Yamazaki, Y., Harding, B.J., Stolle, C. and Matzka, J., 2021. Neutral wind profiles during periods of eastward and westward equatorial electrojet. Geophysical Research Letters, 48(11), p.e2021GL093567. DOI: 10.1029/2021GL093567 (publicly accessible)

Yuan, T., Stevens, M. H., Englert, C. R., & Immel, T. J. 2021. Temperature tides across the mid-latitude summer turbopause measured by a sodium lidar and MIGHTI/ICON. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 126, e2021JD035321. Public access. DOI: 10.1029/2021JD035321

2020

Bust, G.S. and Immel, T.J., 2020. IDA4D: Ionospheric Data Assimilation for the ICON Mission. Space Science Reviews, 216(3), pp.1-17. DOI: 10.1007/s11214-020-00648-z (publicly accessible)

Cullens, C.Y., Immel, T.J., Triplett, C.C., Wu, Y.J., England, S.L., Forbes, J.M. and Liu, G., 2020. Sensitivity study for ICON tidal analysis. Progress in Earth and Planetary Science, 7, pp.1-13. DOI: 10.1186/s40645-020-00330-6 (publicly accessible)

Immel, T.J., Eastes, R.W., McClintock, W.E., Mende, S.B., Frey, H.U., Triplett, C. and England, S.L., 2020. Daily Variability in the Terrestrial UV Airglow. Atmosphere, 11(10), p.1046. DOI: 10.3390/atmos11101046 (publicly accessible)

Marr, K.D., Thayer, A.S., Englert, C.R., and Harlander, J.M., 2020. Determining the thermomechanical image shift for the MIGHTI instrument on the NASA-ICON satellite. Opt. Eng. 59(1) 013102 (11 January 2020). Public access. DOI: 10.1117/1.OE.59.1.013102.

Wu, Y.J.J., Harding, B.J., Triplett, C.C., Makela, J.J., Marr, K.D., Englert, C.R., Harlander, J.M. and Immel, T.J., 2020. Errors from asymmetric emission rate in spaceborne, limb sounding Doppler interferometry: A correction algorithm with application to ICON/MIGHTI. Earth and Space Science, p.e2020EA001164. DOI: 10.1029/2020EA001164 (publicly accessible)

2019

Frey, H.U., Han, D., Kataoka, R., Lessard, M.R., Milan, S.E., Nishimura, Y., Strangeway, R.J. and Zou, Y., 2019. Dayside Aurora. Space Science Reviews, 215(51). Public access. DOI: 10.1007/s11214-019-0617-7

Harlander, J.M., Englert, C.R., Marr, K.D., Harding, B.J., and Chu, K.T., 2019. On the uncertainties in determining fringe phase in Doppler asymmetric spatial heterodyne spectroscopy, Applied Optics, 58(13), pp. 3613-3619. DOI: 10.1364/AO.58.003613

Immel, T.J. and Eastes, R.W., 2019. New NASA missions focus on terrestrial forcing of the space environment. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 100, pp. 2153–2156. DOI: 10.1175/BAMS-D-19-0066.1 (publicly accessible)

Marr, K.D., Morrow, W.H., Brown, C.M., Englert, C.R., Harlander, J.M., Cerrato, A., Lamport, K. and Harris, S.E., 2019. Calibration lamp design, characterization, and implementation for the Michelson Interferometer for Global High-Resolution Thermospheric Imaging instrument on the Ionospheric Connection satellite. Optical Engineering, 58(5), p.054104. Public access. DOI: 10.1117/1.OE.58.5.054104.

Triplett, C.C., Immel, T.J., Wu, Y.J. and Cullens, C., 2019. Variations in the ionosphere-thermosphere system from tides, ultra-fast Kelvin waves, and their interactions. Advances in Space Research, 64(10), pp.1841-1853. Public access. DOI: 10.1016/j.asr.2019.08.015

Wautelet, G., Hubert, B., Gérard, J.-C., & Immel, T. J. 2019. The OI-135.6 nm nighttime emission in ICON-FUV 1 images: A new tool for the observation of classical medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances? Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 124, 7670– 7686. DOI: 10.1029/2019JA026930 (publicly accessible)

2018

Stoneback, R.A., Burrell, A.G., Klenzing, J. and Depew, M., 2018. PYSAT: Python Satellite Data Analysis Toolkit. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 123(6), pp.5271-5283. Preprint. DOI: 10.1029/2018JA025297

2017

Englert, C.R., Brown, C.M., Bach, B., Bach, E., Bach, K., Harlander, J.M., Seely, J.F., Marr, K.D. and Miller, I., 2017. High-efficiency echelle gratings for MIGHTI, the spatial heterodyne interferometers for the ICON mission. Applied Optics, 56(8), pp.2090-2098. Preprint. DOI: 10.1364/AO.56.002090

Harding, B.J., Makela, J.J., Englert, C.R., Marr, K.D., Harlander, J.M., England, S.L. and Immel, T.J., 2017. The MIGHTI Wind Retrieval Algorithm: Description and Verification. Space Science Reviews, 212(1-2), pp.585-600. Public access. DOI: 10.1007/s11214-017-0359-3

Harlander, J.M., Englert, C.R., Brown, C.M., Marr, K.D., Miller, I.J., Zastera, V., Bach, B.W. and Mende, S.B., 2017. Michelson interferometer for global high-resolution thermospheric imaging (MIGHTI): monolithic interferometer design and test. Space Science Reviews, 212(1-2), pp.601-613. Public access. DOI: 10.1007/s11214-017-0374-4

Huba, J.D., Maute, A. and Crowley, G., 2017. SAMI3_ICON: Model of the Ionosphere/Plasmasphere System. Space Science Reviews, 212(1-2), pp.731-742. Public access. DOI: 10.1007/s11214-017-0415-z

2016

Mende, S. B., 2016. Observing the magnetosphere through global auroral imaging: 1. Observables. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 121(10), pp.10,623–10,637. DOI: 10.1002/2016JA022558

Mende, S.B., 2016. Observing the magnetosphere through global auroral imaging: 2. Observing techniques. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 121(10), 10,638–10,660. DOI: 10.1002/2016JA022607

Stephan, A. W. 2016. Advances in remote sensing of the daytime ionosphere with EUV airglow, J. Geophys. Res. Space Physics, 121, 9284– 9292, DOI:10.1002/2016JA022629 (publicly accessible)

2015

Frey, H.U., Mende, S.B., Loicq, J. and Habraken, S., 2015. Calibration and Testing of Wide‐Field UV Instruments. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 122(6), pp.6907-6921. DOI: 10.1002/2016JA022700

NON-REFEREED PUBLICATIONS (by year/author)

2023

Tuminello, R.M. and Stephan, A.W., 2023. An Approach to Determine O and N2 Densities in the Thermosphere Using EUV Airglow. Archived report publically available at the Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)

2015

Rider, K., Immel, T., Taylor, E. and Craig, W., 2015, March. ICON: Where earth's weather meets space weather. In Aerospace Conference, 2015 IEEE (pp. 1-10). IEEE. DOI: 10.1109/AERO.2015.7119120

INDEPENDENT PUBLICATIONS USING ICON DATA (by author)

Aa, E., Zhang, S.R., Coster, A.J., Erickson, P.J., and Rideout, W., 2023. Multi-instrumental analysis of the day-to-day variability of equatorial plasma bubbles. Front. Astron. Space Sci., 10. DOI: 10.3389/fspas.2023.1167245 (publicly accessible)

Aa, E., Zhang, S.-R., Liu, G., Eastes, R. W., Wang, W., Karan, D. K., et al., 2023. Statistical analysis of equatorial plasma bubbles climatology and multi-day periodicity using GOLD observations. Geophysical Research Letters, 50, e2023GL103510. DOI: 10.1029/2023GL103510 (publicly accessible)

Aa, E., Zhang, S.R., Erickson, P.J., Wang, W., Qian, L., Cai, X., Coster, A.J. and Goncharenko, L.P., 2023. Significant Mid‐and Low‐Latitude Ionospheric Disturbances Characterized by Dynamic EIA, EPBs, and SED Variations During the 13–14 March 2022 Geomagnetic Storm. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 128(8), p.e2023JA031375. DOI: 10.1029/2023JA031375 (publicly accessible)

Boone, C.D., Steffen, J., Crouse, J. and Bernath, P.F., 2021. Line-of-Sight Winds and Doppler Effect Smearing in ACE-FTS Solar Occultation Measurements. Atmosphere, 12(6), p.680. DOI: 10.3390/atmos12060680

Chen, Z., Liu, Y., Du, Z., Fan, Z., Sun, H. and Zhou, C., 2022. Validation of MIGHTI/ICON Atmospheric Wind Observations over China Region Based on Meteor Radar and Horizontal Wind Model (HWM14). Atmosphere, 13(7), p.1078. DOI: 10.3390/atmos13071078 (publicly accessible)

Choi, J.M., Lin, C.C.H., Panthalingal Krishanunni, R., Park, J., Kwak, Y.S., Chen, S.P., Lin, J.T. and Chang, M.T., 2023. Comparisons of in situ ionospheric density using ion velocity meters onboard FORMOSAT-7/COSMIC-2 and ICON missions. Earth, Planets and Space, 75(1), pp.1-14. DOI: 10.1186/s40623-022-01759-3 (publicly accessible)

Choi, J.M., Lin, C.C.H., Rajesh, P.K., Lin, J.T., Chou, M., Kwak, Y.S. and Chen, S.P., 2023. Giant ionospheric density hole near the 2022 Hunga-Tonga volcanic eruption: multi-point satellite observations. Earth, Planets and Space, 75(1), pp.1-16. DOI: 10.1186/s40623-023-01933-1 (publicly accessible)

Du, R., Zhang, R., Liu, L., Han, T., Li, W., Tariq, M.A., Le, H., Chen, Y. and Yang, Y., 2024. Feature of diurnal double maxima in the topside ionosphere observed by ICON. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 129(3), p.e2023JA031814. DOI: 10.1029/2023JA031814

Du, R., Zhang, R., Liu, L., Liu, W., Li, W., Yang, Y., Ma, H., Le, H. and Chen, Y., 2024. An empirical model of the thermospheric winds based on ICON/MIGHTI observations. Advances in Space Research. DOI: 10.1016/j.asr.2024.12.018 (publicly accessible)

Eastes, R. W., Karan, D. K., Martinis, C., Daniell, R. E., Gan, Q., Burns, A. G., & McClintock, W. E., 2023. GOLD observations of longitudinal variations in the nighttime equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) crests' latitudes. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 128, e2022JA031007. DOI: 10.1029/2022JA031007 (publicly accessible)

Fu, W., Otsuka, Y., Hocke, K., Ma, G., Nishioka, M. and Jin, H., 2025. Identifying medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances driven by atmospheric gravity waves over Japan at sunrise and sunset terminators using high-resolution 3-D GNSS tomography. GPS Solutions, 29(3), pp.1-11. DOI: 10.1007/s10291-025-01875-z (publicly accessible)

Fu, W., Yokoyama, T., Ssessanga, N., Ma, G. and Yamamoto, M., 2023. Nighttime midlatitude E‐F coupling in geomagnetic conjugate ionospheres: A double thin shell model and a multi‐source data investigation. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, p.e2022JA031074. DOI: 10.1029/2022JA031074 (publicly accessible)

Gan, Q., Qian, L., Pedatella, N.M. and Eastes, R.W., 2024. Equinox transitions of thermosphere O/N2 and meridional circulation in the Northern Hemisphere as observed by NASA's GOLD and ICON missions. Geophysical Research Letters, 51(24), p.e2024GL111810. DOI: 10.1029/2024GL111810 (publicly accessible)

Gann, A.L. and Yiğit, E., 2024. Ionospheric and thermospheric effects of Hurricane Grace in 2021 observed by satellites. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 129(10), p.e2024JA032933. DOI: 10.1029/2024JA032933 (publicly accessible)

Gao, H., Xu, J., Chen, G.-M., Zhu, Y., He, M., Yuan, W., et al. 2024. Response of ICON/MIGHTI measured low-mid latitude OI630.0 and OI557.7 nm dayglow emissions to the 27 August 2021 geomagnetic storm. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 129, e2023JA032070. DOI: 10.1029/2023JA032070

Hao, H., Zhao, B., Wan, W., Yue, X., Ding, F., Ning, B., Zeng, L., Jin, Y., Wang, J. and Zhang, N., 2022. Initial Ionospheric Ion Line Results and Evaluation by Sanya Incoherent Scatter Radar (SYISR). Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 127(9), p.e2022JA030563. DOI: 10.1029/2022JA030563

He, J., Astafyeva, E., Yue, X., Ding, F. and Maletckii, B., 2023. The Giant Ionospheric Depletion on 15 January 2022 Around the Hunga Tonga‐Hunga Ha'apai Volcanic Eruption. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 128(1), p.e2022JA030984. DOI: 10.1029/2022JA030984

Hsu, C.T. and Pedatella, N.M., 2021. Assessing the Impact of ICON/MIGHTI Zonal and Meridional Winds on Upper Atmosphere Weather Specification in a Whole Atmosphere Data Assimilation System: An Observing System Simulation Experiment. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 126(9), p.e2021JA029275. DOI: 10.1029/2021JA029275

Huang, F., Lei, J., Luan, X., Li, G., Wang, Y., Zhu, Y., Chen, J., Owolabi, C. and Dou, X., 2023. Dynamic processes associated with prominent ionospheric variations in a narrow longitudinal zone near the EIA crest region as revealed by ICON satellite and ground Beidou receiver observations over South Asia. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 128(10), p.e2023JA031981. DOI: 10.1029/2023JA031981 (publicly accessible)

Huang, Y., Xiong, C., Wan, X., Park, J. and Spogli, L., 2024. The third plasma density peak at poleward of EIA crest: Swarm and ICON observations. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 129(4), p.e2023JA032035. DOI: 10.1029/2023JA032035

Huang, Y., Xiong, C., Wu, J., Stolle, C., Wang, F., Zheng, Y., Xu, C., Hu, Y. and Wang, S., 2023. Dayside vertical wind reversal at transition altitude from E to F regions observed by the ICON satellite. Earth and Space Science, 10(5), p.e2023EA002836. DOI: 10.1029/2023EA002836 (publicly accessible)

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Jin, Y., Zhao, B., Zhou, X., Hao, H., Li, G., Yue, X. and Li, Z., 2025. Direct evidence of the lower atmosphere perturbations producing abnormal ionospheric longitudinal gradients during quiescent geomagnetic conditions. Geophysical Research Letters, 52(5), p.e2024GL113648. DOI: 10.1029/2024GL113648 (publicly accessible)

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Kumar, S., Pallamraju, D., Suryawanshi, P., Vijayalakshmi, T. and Seemala, G.K., 2022. On the latitudinal variation in OI 630.0 nm dayglow emissions in response to the equatorial electrodynamic processes and neutral winds. Advances in Space Research, 69(2), pp.926-938. DOI: 10.1016/j.asr.2021.10.034

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Li, D., Gao, H., Xu, J., Zhu, Y., Xu, Q., Liu, Y. and Liu, H., 2023. Longitudinal structures of zonal wind in the thermosphere by the ICON/MIGHTI and the main wave sources. Earth, Planets and Space, 75(1), pp.1-14. DOI: 10.1186/s40623-023-01813-8 (publicly accessible)

Li, R., Lei, J., Kusche, J., Dang, T., Huang, F., Luan, X., Zhang, S.R., Yan, M., Yang, Z., Liu, F. and Dou, X., 2023. Large‐Scale Disturbances in the Upper Thermosphere Induced by the 2022 Tonga Volcanic Eruption. Geophysical Research Letters, 50(3), p.e2022GL102265. DOI: 10.1029/2022GL102265 (publicly accessible)

Liu, J.Y., Kan, K.W., Chao, C.K. and Chang, F.Y., 2023. Nighttime wavenumber-four and plasma depletion bays observed by FORMOSAT-5/AIP, ICON/IVM, and COSMIC-2/RO data. Advances in Space Research. DOI: 10.1016/j.asr.2023.04.047

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Ma, Z., Gong, Y., Zhang, S., Bao, J., Yin, S. and Zhou, Q., 2023. Seasonal Variations in Ion Density, Ion Temperature, and Migrating Tides in the Topside Ionosphere Revealed by ICON/IVM. Remote Sensing, 15(21), p.5205. DOI: 10.3390/rs15215205 (publicly accessible)

Meenakshi, S. and Sridharan, S., 2023. Remarkable changes in F region winds and plasma drifts during the stratospheric QBO disruption of 2019-2020. Advances in Space Research. DOI: 10.1016/j.asr.2023.01.010

Meenakshi, S. and Sridharan, S., 2024. Wavenumber‐4 longitudinal structure in ICON‐MIGHTI thermospheric meridional wind. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 129(6), p.e2024JA032642. DOI: 10.1029/2024JA032642

Meenakshi, S., Sridharan, S. and Ivan, J.S., 2022. Migrating and non-migrating tidal influences on the high occurrence of post-midnight spread F over Ascension Island during solar minimum. Advances in Space Research. DOI: 10.1016/j.asr.2022.02.019

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Oberheide, J., Lu, X., Aggarwal, D. 2024. A statistical study of the day‐to‐day variability of diurnal and semidiurnal tides in the ionospheric dynamo region from MIGHTI/ICON observations. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 129(7), e2024JA032619. DOI: 10.1029/2024JA032619 (publicly accessible)

Park, J., Huang, C.-S., Eastes, R. W., & Coster, A. J. 2022. Temporal evolution of low-latitude plasma blobs identified from multiple measurements: ICON, GOLD, and Madrigal TEC. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 127, e2021JA029992. DOI: 10.1029/2021JA029992 (publicly accessible)

Park, J., Min, K.W., Eastes, R.W., Chao, C.K., Kim, H.E., Lee, J., Sohn, J., Ryu, K., Seo, H., Yoo, J.H. and Lee, S., 2022. Low-latitude plasma blobs above Africa: Exploiting GOLD and multi-satellite in situ measurements. Advances in Space Research. DOI: 10.1016/j.asr.2022.05.021

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Sun, H., Kuai, J., Zhong, J., Liu, L., Zhang, R., Hu, L. and Li, Q., 2023. A New Approach to the Ionosphere at Middle and Low Latitudes under the Geomagnetic Quiet Time of December 2019 by ICON and GOLD Observations. Remote Sensing, 15(23), p.5591. DOI: 10.3390/rs15235591 (publicly accessible)

Tang, Q., Zhou, C., Liu, H., Liu, Y., Zhao, J., Yu, Z., Hu, L., Zhao, Z. and Feng, X., 2023. Low Altitude Tailing Es (LATTE): Analysis of Sporadic‐E Layer Height at Different Latitudes of Middle and Low Region. Space Weather, 21(4), p.e2022SW003323. DOI: 10.1029/2022SW003323 (publicly accessible)

Teja, A.K., Ratnam, M.V. and Rao, S.V.B., 2024. Mean winds and tidal variability from troposphere to the thermosphere retrieved from combined ground based and space borne measurements. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, p.106389. DOI: 10.1016/j.jastp.2024.106389

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Vaishnav, R., Jacobi, C., Schmölter, E. and Dühnen, H., 2024. Influence of lower atmospheric variability: An investigation of delayed ionospheric response to solar activity. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 129(11), p.e2024JA032999. DOI: 10.1029/2024JA032999 (publicly accessible)

Wan, X., Zhong, J., Zhang, S.R., Xiong, C., Wang, H., Liu, Y., Huang, F., Li, Q., Kuai, J., Chen, J. and Hao, Y., 2022. Disturbance Neutral Winds Effects on the Ionospheric Strip‐Like Bulge at Lower‐Middle Latitudes. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 127(8), p.e2022JA030541. DOI: 10.1029/2022JA030541

Wang, H., Xia, H. and Zhang, K., 2022. Variations in the Equatorial Ionospheric F Region Current during the 2022 Tonga Volcanic Eruption. Remote Sensing, 14(24), p.6241. DOI: 10.3390/rs14246241 (publicly accessible)

Wang, J., Yu, T., Liang, Y., Yan, X., Xia, C. and Qi, Y., 2023. Ionospheric Changes over the Western Pacific Ocean near and after the End of Annular Solar Eclipse on 21 June 2020. Remote Sensing, 15(5), p.1389. DOI: 10.3390/rs15051389 (publicly accessible)

Wu, C., & Ridley, A. J., 2023. Comparison of TIDI Line of Sight Winds with ICON-MIGHTI Measurements. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 128, e2022JA030910. DOI: 10.1029/2022JA030910 (publicly accessible)

Wu, F., Jiao, J., Du, L., Zheng, H., Wang, Z., Cheng, X., Wu, F., Xia, Y., Wang, J., Wang, W. and Wang, K., 2024. A three‐frequency Ca+ doppler lidar for ion temperature measurements in the E and F regions. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 129(10), p.e2024JA032511. DOI: 10.1029/2024JA032511

Wu, K., Qian, L., Wang, W., Cai, X. and Mclnerney, J.M., 2023. Investigation of the GOLD Observed Merged Nighttime EIA With WACCM‐X Simulations During the Storm of 3 and 4 November 2021. Geophysical Research Letters, 50(13), p.e2023GL103603. DOI: 10.1029/2023GL103603 (publicly accessible)

Wu, Q., Wang, W., Lin, D., Huang, C., & Zhang, Y., 2022. Penetrating electric field simulated by the MAGE and comparison with ICON observation. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 127, e2022JA030467. DOI: 10.1029/2022JA030467

Wu, Q., Wang, W., Lin, D., Qian, L., Huang, C. and Zhang, Y., 2024. MAGE model simulation of the pre‐reversal enhancement and comparison with ICON and Jicamarca ISR observations. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 129(6), p.e2023JA032038. DOI: 10.1029/2023JA032038

Xie, H., Li, G., Zhao, X., Hu, L., Sun, W., Li, Y., & Ning, B. 2023. The occurrence characteristics of daytime irregularities in the low latitude F region topside at solar minimum revealed by ICON. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 128, e2022JA030957. DOI: 10.1029/2022JA030957

Yizengaw, E. 2023. New Index to Characterize Ionospheric Irregularity Distribution. Space Weather, 21, e2023SW003469. DOI: 10.1029/2023SW003469 (publicly accessible)

Zhai, C., Cai, X., Yu, T., Peng, W., Cheng, X., Yue, D. and Cai, L., 2024. A complete chain of the generating processes of ionospheric negative storm over the North America. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 129(9), p.e2024JA033091. DOI: 10.1029/2024JA033091

Zhai, C., Zhang, S.R., Yao, Y., Dong, W., Aa, E., Kong, J., Yue, D., Chen, Y., Peng, W. and Yu, T., 2025. Three‐dimensional characterization of global ionospheric disturbances during the 15 January 2022 Tonga volcanic eruption. Geophysical Research Letters, 52(2), p.e2024GL113129. DOI: 10.1029/2024GL113129 (publicly accessible)

Zhang, B., Fu, L., Mao, T., Hu, X., Wang, Y., Jiang, F., Jia, N., Wang, T., Peng, R. and Wang, J., 2024. Longitude structure of wavenumber 4 of the ionosphere after midnight based on the OI135. 6 nm night airglow using FY‐3D ionospheric photometer. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 129(8), p.e2024JA032630. DOI: 10.1029/2024JA032630

Zhang, R., Liu, L., Chen, Y., & Le, H., 2024. The day-to-day variability of the dayside equatorial ionospheric plasma drifts and neutral winds observed by ICON. Geophysical Research Letters, 51, e2024GL108980. DOI: 10.1029/2024GL108980 (publicly accessible)

Zhang, R., Liu, L., Ma, H., Chen, Y. and Le, H., 2022. ICON observations of equatorial ionospheric vertical ExB and field‐aligned plasma drifts during the 2020‐2021 SSW. Geophysical Research Letters, p.e2022GL099238. DOI: 10.1029/2022GL099238

Zhang, K., & Wang, H., 2022. The great reduction of equatorial electrojet during the solar eclipse on 14 December 2020. Space Weather, 20, e2022SW003295. DOI: 10.1029/2022SW003295 (publicly accessible)

Zhang, K., Wang, H., Zhong, Y., Xia, H. and Qian, C., 2022. The Temporal Evolution of F-Region Equatorial Ionization Anomaly Owing to the 2022 Tonga Volcanic Eruption. Remote Sensing, 14(22), p.5714. DOI: 10.3390/rs14225714 (publicly accessible)

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